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VoIP Technical Overview

VoIP Benefits

        -         users

        -         vendors

        -         service providers

Standards and Standard Bodies

        -         ITU-T (H.323)

        -         IETF (SIP)

        -         TIPHON

        -         IMTC

TCP/IP Background

- TCP/IP architecture

- IP features and options

- Ipv4 versus Ipv6

- UDP versus TCP

- Real time services over IP (eg. voice and video)

- Advantages

                   - integration with Internet/Intranet applications

                   - alternative to GSTN

                   - potential cost savings

          - Disadvantages

                   - quality of service

                   - scalability over the Internet

  H.323  Architecture

         - H.323

                   - terminal function

                   - multipoint control unit

                   - gateway function

                   - gatekeeper function

         - H.225

                   - packet format

                   - connection control signaling

         - H.245

                   - configuration control

VoIP Interworking

         - GSTN

         - ISDN

SIP Architecture

        -         Message structure

        -         Proxy and redirect servers

        -         Roaming

        -         SDP (Session Description Protocol)

        -         MEGACO

Audio and Video Digitization

         - Audio codecs

                   - G.711, G.722, G.723, G.728, G.729

         - Video Codecs

                   - H.261, H.263

         - Other Applications (eg. Whiteboard)

                   - T.120

  Transport and Control Protocols

         - Real Time Protocol (RTP)

                   - sequencing

- source synchronization

- lost packet detection

- Real Time Control Protocol (RTCP)

                   - connection control

                   - sender reports

                   - receiver reports

         - User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

Performance and QoS

         - Packet Delay Components

                   - packetization delay

                   - network transit delay

                   - packet jitter compensation

         - Differentiated Service

                   - Ipv4 ToS field

                   - Ipv6 priority and flow label fields

         - Quality of Service

                   - connection access restriction

                   - bandwidth reservation

         - Reservation Protocol (RSVP)

                   - path request

                   - reservation request

                   - TSPEC and filter spec

                   - QoS options

                   - Internet scalability

         - Router Implementations

                   - priority and custom queuing

                   - RSVP support

                   - weighted fair queuing

         Accounting and Security

         - Accounting techniques

         - Using RADIUS for VoIP accounting

         - Security profiles for VoIP systems

         - Operation of VoIP with firewalls

Directory Issues

         - Domain Name Service (DNS)

         - Directory Servers

         - DHCP implications

Alternatives to Voice over IP

         - Voice over Frame Relay

         - Voice over ATM

         - Voice over MPLS